Microneedling has gained increasing attention in dermatology and aesthetic medicine for its potential applications in skin and hair-related concerns.
By creating controlled micro-injuries in the skin, the technique is being studied for its ability to influence natural healing responses and support other clinically recognised treatments.
This article explores what research has shown so far, where findings remain inconclusive, and why medical guidance is essential when considering microneedling as part of a hair restoration approach.
What Is Microneedling for Hair Loss?
Microneedling for hair loss, also known as microneedle therapy or microneedle roller treatment, involves the use of tiny needles to create micro-injuries on the scalp.
This technique is performed similarly to how micro-needling is used for skin problems, where a trained practitioner utilizes specialized tools, such as skin rollers or derma rollers, to create minuscule punctures in the skin.
In dermatology, this response has been associated with collagen production, neovascularization, and the release of growth factors. Although research in hair loss is still limited, studies have shown that microneedling may enhance the effects of established therapies for conditions such as androgenetic alopecia by temporarily increasing the scalp’s permeability and supporting the delivery of topical treatments like minoxidil or corticosteroids.1
| Disclaimer These applications are still considered experimental and should only be performed under the guidance of a qualified physician. |
Current evidence positions microneedling as a supportive option that may improve treatment outcomes when used alongside recognised first-line therapies, though more research is needed before definitive conclusions or standardised protocols can be established.
Microneedling for hair loss is considered a minimally invasive procedure that is generally well-tolerated by most individuals. It’s crucial to consult with a qualified healthcare professional or a licensed dermatologist before undergoing this treatment to ensure it’s appropriate for your specific condition and to determine the most suitable approach for achieving optimal results.
Additionally, following post-treatment care and a consistent treatment schedule can maximize the potential benefits of microneedling for hair loss.
Understanding the Science Behind Microneedling for Hair Restoration
While the exact mechanisms behind microneedling’s effects on hair growth are still being investigated, emerging research suggests that the procedure may influence cellular pathways associated with follicle activity. In particular, animal studies have shown increased expression of pathways such as WNT/β-catenin following repeated microneedle stimulation.
A murine study by Kim et al. (PMCID: PMC5064188)2 reported that repeated microneedle stimulation was associated with:
- Enhanced hair growth in mice following controlled microwounding.
- Upregulated expression of Wnt3a and Wnt10b, two proteins involved in WNT-related signalling.
- Increased β-catenin activity, a downstream component of the WNT pathway.
- Higher levels of VEGF, a factor linked to blood-vessel formation and follicle support.
In practice, microneedling is sometimes used alongside established therapies, where its temporary increase in scalp permeability may help enhance the delivery of topical medications. Although early data is encouraging, more human studies are needed before specific biological pathways or treatment effects can be confirmed.
Microneedling vs. Similar Treatments
Several minimally invasive procedures are used in dermatology and aesthetic medicine to address skin and hair concerns. While they share similarities, each technique has distinct mechanisms and clinical considerations.
Derma Rolling
Derma rolling uses a handheld cylinder covered in microneedles that is rolled across the skin. Because, in some methods, the needles enter the skin at an angle rather than vertically, this can create more tearing or dragging of tissue or even result in permanent scarring in some instances.3
Derma rollers are often sold for cosmetic use, but their depth, consistency, and safety can vary widely, which is why clinical oversight is recommended for therapeutic intentions.
Derma Pen (Electronic Microneedling Devices)
A derma pen is a motorised device equipped with disposable needle cartridges that move vertically at high speed.
It’s crucial to mention that some consumer-grade electronic pens do not penetrate deeply enough to achieve clinically meaningful effects. According to the FDA, some microneedling products are not considered medical devices—particularly those that do not penetrate into the living layers of the skin (epidermis and dermis) and claim only to:
- Facilitate exfoliation of the skin.
- Improve the appearance of the skin.
- Give the skin a smoother look and feel.
- Give the skin a luminous appearance.
For clarification on how microneedling devices are classified and regulated, the FDA provides further detail in its guidance document “Regulatory Considerations for Microneedling Products.”4
Radiofrequency Microneedling
Radiofrequency (RF) microneedling combines needle penetration with controlled radiofrequency energy delivered into the deeper layers of the skin.
RF devices typically use longer needles than those employed in standard microneedling. The addition of thermal energy was designed to enhance the dermal wound healing cascade, but it may also increase post-treatment discomfort and recovery time.5
RF microneedling is considered a distinct modality and should be performed only by qualified professionals.
Microneedling for Medication Delivery
Microneedling has been explored as a method to enhance the penetration of certain topical medications used in hair-loss management, including agents such as minoxidil, finasteride, dutasteride, spironolactone, bimatoprost (Latisse), and latanoprost.
By creating controlled micro-injuries in the skin, the procedure may temporarily increase permeability, potentially allowing topicals to reach deeper layers than they otherwise would.
However, this approach is experimental. Enhancing transdermal absorption can also increase the potential for systemic exposure, which may raise the risk of side effects. Because of these concerns, any combined use of microneedling with topical medications should be performed only under the supervision of a qualified physician.
Evidence supporting this approach is still limited. One pilot randomized study in men with androgenetic alopecia (Dhurat et al., PMCID: PMC3746236)6 found that:
- Participants receiving microneedling plus 5% minoxidil showed greater increases in hair counts compared with minoxidil alone over 12 weeks.
- Investigator assessments indicated a stronger visible improvement in the combination group.
- A higher proportion of patients reported subjective improvement when microneedling was added.
These findings suggest that microneedling may enhance the effects of established treatments. They do not establish microneedling as a substitute for standard therapy.
Timing and Application of Medications
Some medical therapies, like minoxidil, should not be applied immediately after microneedling due to the alcohol concentration in the product, which can cause a burning sensation. It is often advisable to wait until the following day to apply minoxidil. The timing and application of medical therapies should be determined based on the active ingredients in your specific treatment.
Combining Microneedling with PRP/CRP
Microneedling is sometimes used in combination with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or cell-rich plasma (CRP) in clinical settings. These combination approaches are being explored for their potential to support scalp health and complement existing hair-loss treatments, although evidence remains limited and protocols continue to be studied.
PRP involves drawing a patient’s blood and concentrating platelets, which contain signalling proteins involved in normal wound healing.7 CRP, likewise, refers to preparations derived from a patient’s own cells—such as adipose-derived or blood-derived cellular components—intended to support regenerative processes.8 Both methods aim to utilise autologous biological materials, but their preparation, composition, and clinical outcomes can vary widely.
When paired with microneedling, the rationale is that controlled micro-injuries may temporarily increase skin permeability or influence the local wound-healing environment, potentially affecting how PRP or CRP interacts with the tissue.
Research evaluating combined use remains early. For example, a small randomized, blinded study on periorbital rejuvenation (Al Hassan et al., PMCID: PMC11845936)9 reported that:
- Participants self-reported improvements in skin texture and homogeneity after PRP combined with microneedling.
- Blinded dermatologists did not identify significant objective differences between pre- and post-treatment photographs.
- The authors concluded that variability in outcomes may stem from differences in protocols, a small sample size, and subjective measurement scales.
What we can conclude from the current understanding of these procedures is that:
- The mechanisms underlying any combined effect are not fully understood.
- Available evidence is still preliminary and heterogeneous.
- No standardised treatment protocol has been established.
- Responses can differ significantly from person to person.
Because these treatments involve biologic materials, variable processing methods, and the potential for deeper tissue penetration when combined with microneedling, they should only be performed by qualified medical professionals within an appropriate clinical setting.
Microneedling’s Effect on Hair Growth
Research and clinical studies indicate that microneedling can promote hair regrowth by stimulating factors such as vascularization and growth factor release. In animal models like mice, microneedling has shown enhanced hair growth and upregulation of important signaling pathways like Wnt/β-catenin.2
In humans, microneedling has been observed to increase hair follicle count. In Dhurat’s study, the group receiving microneedling alongside topical minoxidil showed greater short-term improvements in hair count and investigator-rated appearance compared with minoxidil alone.6
These findings are preliminary and based on a limited sample, so they should be interpreted cautiously until validated by larger, long-term studies.
Understanding Needle Depth in Clinical Settings
Some published studies have examined how varying needle penetration levels may affect signaling pathways, inflammatory responses, or dermal remodeling.
For example, research using excised human skin (Sasaki, 2016) found that needle penetration tends to correspond closely to device settings at more superficial ranges (1.0 mm), while deeper settings (1.5 to 2.5 mm) may yield more variability. The same study also demonstrated that microchannels created by microneedling can remain open long enough to permit the passage of particles and platelets under controlled laboratory conditions.10
However, because anatomy and skin thickness vary significantly among individuals, and because devices differ in design and regulation, there is no universal “optimal depth” applicable to patient care. Any application of microneedling in a clinical context requires professional assessment, equipment knowledge, and medical oversight.
| Disclaimer Microneedling should never be attempted as a DIY procedure, since at-home devices are unregulated, lack consistent penetration, and significantly increase the likelihood of complications. Determining whether microneedling is appropriate—and, if so, how it should be performed—must be left to a qualified physician or trained medical professional within a clinical environment. |
Potential Side Effects
Microneedling is generally well-tolerated when performed with appropriate clinical oversight, but—like any procedure that disrupts the skin barrier—it carries the risk of side effects.
Temporary redness, sensitivity, or mild swelling may occur as part of the body’s normal inflammatory response. Some patients report short-term itching or flaking as the skin recovers.11
In rare cases, complications such as infection, prolonged inflammation, or scarring can develop, particularly when the procedure is performed using unregulated devices or without adequate medical supervision.11
When Microneedling May Not Be Appropriate
Microneedling is not suitable for everyone, and certain conditions increase the likelihood of adverse outcomes. Treatment should be avoided—or deferred—under the following circumstances:
| Category | Description |
| Active infections | Bacterial, fungal, or viral infections affecting the skin or scalp (e.g., herpes simplex). |
| Inflammatory scalp conditions | Severe dermatitis, psoriasis flares, active folliculitis, or other inflammatory eruptions. |
| Impaired wound healing | Conditions such as uncontrolled diabetes, connective-tissue disorders, or other systemic issues known to hinder healing. |
| History of abnormal scarring | Personal tendency toward keloids or hypertrophic scars. |
| Recent or incompatible medications | Use of treatments that may thin or sensitize the skin (e.g., systemic isotretinoin or certain irritant topicals). |
| Open or compromised skin | Open wounds, abrasions, infections, or unhealed surgical sites in the planned treatment area. |
| Pregnancy or breastfeeding | Elective aesthetic procedures are often deferred due to limited safety data. |
| Unregulated or at-home devices | Higher risk of infection, variable penetration, and increased likelihood of complications. |
Microneedling for Different Types of Alopecia
Microneedling has been shown to be potentially effective in treating androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and telogen effluvium (TE), with evidence supporting its use as an adjunct to other therapies.
There is limited but encouraging data on its effectiveness in alopecia areata (AA). Let’s take a closer look at what the research suggests.
Androgenetic Alopecia (AGA)
Microneedling has been studied as a possible adjunct to topical therapy in androgenetic alopecia.
One small study comparing microneedling at two different penetration levels alongside topical minoxidil (Faghihi et al.) reported that both microneedling groups showed greater increases in hair count and hair thickness than minoxidil alone.12
These results were limited by sample size, short duration, and variability in patient response. Although the early findings are promising, further research is needed to clarify clinical relevance, long-term outcomes, and appropriate patient selection.
Alopecia Areata
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the sudden loss of hair in small, round patches on the scalp or other parts of the body.
While data is more limited, some preliminary investigations combining microneedling with other treatments (such as low-level LED therapy) suggest potential benefits in AA by increasing hair density, though results may not always reach full statistical significance yet. More robust clinical trials are needed.12
Telogen Effluvium
Telogen effluvium is a type of hair loss characterized by excessive shedding of hair due to a disruption in the hair growth cycle. It is often triggered by stress, illness, hormonal changes, or nutritional deficiencies.
Recent studies indicate that microneedling can reduce hair fall in telogen effluvium by stimulating new follicles, increasing hair shaft diameter, and extending the hair growth phase (anagen).13
However, the sample size was limited, and findings are preliminary, so more studies are needed before any conclusions can be drawn about its role in managing telogen effluvium.
Important Consideration
It’s essential to consult with a healthcare professional or a licensed dermatologist to determine the suitability of microneedling for a specific type of alopecia and to develop a personalized treatment plan for optimal results.
Summary
Microneedling continues to be studied for its potential applications in dermatology, including skin rejuvenation and hair-loss management. Research suggests that it may influence wound-healing pathways and could enhance the penetration of certain topical or regenerative therapies, although evidence remains limited and varies across study designs and treatment contexts.
Because microneedling involves intentional disruption of the skin barrier, it carries risks and is not appropriate for all individuals. Treatment decisions, suitability, and expectations should be evaluated by a qualified healthcare professional who can assess medical history, scalp or skin condition, and overall treatment goals.
The one takeaway we can leave you with is that as research evolves, further high-quality studies are needed to clarify efficacy, safety profiles, and the role microneedling may play within broader therapeutic approaches.
Medical Disclaimer
The information provided in this article is for educational purposes only and is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any medical condition. Microneedling and any related therapies should only be performed or recommended by a qualified healthcare professional. The procedures, research findings, and clinical considerations discussed here do not constitute medical advice, treatment protocols, or guidance for at-home use. Always consult a licensed medical provider regarding your individual circumstances, suitability for treatment, and potential risks or contraindications.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does microneedling work to help promote hair growth?
Early research suggests that microneedling may support hair growth when used alongside established treatments, but evidence is still limited, and results vary between individuals. More studies are needed to determine how effective it is, who may benefit most, and how it compares with standard therapies.
How long do microneedling results last?
The duration of results can vary widely and depends on factors such as the treatment setting, the condition being addressed, individual biology, and whether microneedling is used alone or as part of a broader medical treatment plan. Research to date has not established a consistent timeline for how long improvements may persist, and there is no standardized expectation for longevity.
How long does it take for microneedling to work for hair loss?
Some studies suggest visible hair growth results around 6 to 12 weeks (1.5 to 3 months) after starting consistent treatments.6 However, timing can vary significantly from person to person, and the available research is limited in size and duration.
Can Dermaroller help regrow hair?
There is limited evidence specifically supporting derma rollers for hair regrowth. Most of the available research has focused on medical-grade microneedling performed in clinical settings, and some early studies suggest that microneedling may enhance the effects of established hair-loss treatments.
However, this evidence does not confirm that at-home derma rollers provide the same outcomes, and more research is needed to determine their effectiveness and safety
How much does microneedling for hair growth cost?
In the US, professional microneedling for hair growth typically costs between $200 and $700 per session, with an average around $300 to $400. More advanced treatments like radiofrequency (RF) microneedling range from $600 to $1,500 per session.
Considering most treatment plans require multiple sessions—often 12 or more—the total cost can range from about $2,500 to nearly $10,000 depending on the type of microneedling, additional therapies like PRP, and the clinic’s location and expertise.
References:
- Fertig RM, Gamret AC, Cervantes J, Tosti A. Microneedling for the treatment of hair loss? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2018 Apr;32(4):564-569. doi: 10.1111/jdv.14722. Epub 2017 Dec 21. PMID: 29194786.
- Kim YS, Jeong KH, Kim JE, Woo YJ, Kim BJ, Kang H. Repeated Microneedle Stimulation Induces Enhanced Hair Growth in a Murine Model. Ann Dermatol. 2016 Oct;28(5):586-592. doi: 10.5021/ad.2016.28.5.586. Epub 2016 Sep 30. PMID: 27746638; PMCID: PMC5064188.
- Sharkey, Lauren. “Do Derma Rollers Really Work?” Healthline, Healthline Media, 26 Feb. 2020, www.healthline.com/health/beauty-skin-care/do-derma-rollers-work#side-effects-and-risks. Accessed 24 Nov. 2025.
- Health, Center for Devices and Radiological. “Microneedling Devices.” FDA, 9 Nov. 2020, www.fda.gov/medical-devices/aesthetic-cosmetic-devices/microneedling-devices.
- Shauly O, Marxen T, Menon A, Gould DJ, Miller LB, Losken A. Radiofrequency Microneedling: Technology, Devices, and Indications in the Modern Plastic Surgery Practice. Aesthet Surg J Open Forum. 2023 Nov 6;5:ojad100. doi: 10.1093/asjof/ojad100. PMID: 38887534; PMCID: PMC11181949.
- Dhurat R, Sukesh M, Avhad G, Dandale A, Pal A, Pund P. A randomized evaluator blinded study of effect of microneedling in androgenetic alopecia: a pilot study. Int J Trichology. 2013 Jan;5(1):6-11. doi: 10.4103/0974-7753.114700. PMID: 23960389; PMCID: PMC3746236.
- Alves R, Grimalt R. A Review of Platelet-Rich Plasma: History, Biology, Mechanism of Action, and Classification. Skin Appendage Disord. 2018 Jan;4(1):18-24. doi: 10.1159/000477353. Epub 2017 Jul 6. PMID: 29457008; PMCID: PMC5806188.
- Ramaswamy Reddy SH, Reddy R, Babu NC, Ashok GN. Stem-cell therapy and platelet-rich plasma in regenerative medicines: A review on pros and cons of the technologies. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2018 Sep-Dec;22(3):367-374. doi: 10.4103/jomfp.JOMFP_93_18. PMID: 30651682; PMCID: PMC6306612.
- Hassan SA, Saade DS, Kurban M, Rahal JA, Alameddine RM. Evaluating the Efficacy of Combined Platelet-Rich Plasma and Microneedling for Aesthetic Rejuvenation of the Periorbital Area: A Randomized, Blinded Cohort Study. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2025 Feb;24(2):e16717. doi: 10.1111/jocd.16717. Epub 2024 Dec 8. PMID: 39645648; PMCID: PMC11845936.
- Sasaki GH. Micro-Needling Depth Penetration, Presence of Pigment Particles, and Fluorescein-Stained Platelets: Clinical Usage for Aesthetic Concerns. Aesthet Surg J. 2017 Jan;37(1):71-83. doi: 10.1093/asj/sjw120. Epub 2016 Aug 16. PMID: 27530764.
- “Microneedling: Benefits, Side Effects, and Risks.” Www.medicalnewstoday.com, 9 Jan. 2019, www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324138#risks.
- Faghihi G, Nabavinejad S, Mokhtari F, Fatemi Naeini F, Iraji F. Microneedling in androgenetic alopecia; comparing two different depths of microneedles. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021 Apr;20(4):1241-1247. doi: 10.1111/jocd.13714. Epub 2020 Sep 29. PMID: 32897622.
- Starace M, Alessandrini A, Brandi N, Piraccini BM. Preliminary results of the use of scalp microneedling in different types of alopecia. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2020 Mar;19(3):646-650. doi: 10.1111/jocd.13061. Epub 2019 Jun 29. PMID: 31254437.
